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Human infections by Campylobacter are usually treated symptomatically by maintaining hydration, and fluid and electrolyte replacement. Erythromycin can be used in children, and tetracycline in adults. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin are ineffective against Campylobacter. Antibiotic treatment has only a marginal benefit (1.32 days) on the duration of symptoms and should not be used routinely.
Poultry infections were treated by enrofloxacin and sarafloxacin, many times by mass administration to flocks for single instances of infection. According to the FDA study banning this practice, this generally did not eliminate all Campylobacter bacteria, and promoted populations of bacteria resistant to fluoroquinolone drugs (like the human drug ciprofloxacin).
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