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The following is a classification of the various types of cataracts. This is not comprehensive and other unusual types may be noted.
* Classified by etiology
* Age-related cataract
* Immature Senile Cataract (IMSC) - partially opaque lens, disc view hazy
* Mature Senile Cataract (MSC) - Completely opaque lens, no disc view
* Hypermature Senile Cataract (HMSC) - Liquefied cortical matter: Morgagnian Cataract
* Congenital cataract
* Sutural cataract
* Lamellar cataract
* Zonular cataract
* Total cataract
* Secondary cataract
* Drug-induced cataract (e.g. Corticosteroids)
* Traumatic cataract
* Blunt trauma (capsule usually intact)
* Penetrating trauma (capsular rupture & leakage of lens material - calls for an emergency surgery for extraction of lens and leaked material to minimise further damage)
* Classified by location of opacity within lens structure (However, mixed morphology is quite commonly seen, e.g. PSC with nuclear changes & cortical spokes of cataract)
* Anterior cortical cataract
* Anterior polar cataract
* Anterior subcapsular cataract
* Nuclear cataract - Grading correlates with hardness & difficulty of surgical removal
* 1 - Grey
* 2 - Yellow
* 3 - Amber
* 4 - Brown/Black (Note: "Black cataract" translated in some languages (like Hindi) refers to Glaucoma, not the color of the lens nucleus)
* Posterior cortical cataract
* Posterior polar cataract (importance lies in higher risk of complication - posterior capuslar tears during surgery)
* Posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC) (clinically common)
* After-cataract - posterior capsular opacification subsequent to a successful extracapsular cataract surgery (usually within 3 months - 2 years) with or without IOL implantation. Requires a quick & painless office procedure with Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy to restore optical clarity.
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Important notice:
The content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other
qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
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