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Page: Diagnosis
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Electrocardiogram
Atrial fibrillation is diagnosed on an electrocardiogram, an investigation performed routinely whenever irregular heart beat is suspected. Characteristic findings are (a "rhythm strip" of lead II is shown):
* absence of P waves
* unorganized electrical activity in their place
* irregularity of R-R interval due to irregular conduction of impulses to the ventricles
If paroxysmal AF is suspected, episodes may be documented with the use of Holter monitoring (continuous ECG recording for 24 hours or longer).
[edit] Other investigations
While many cases of AF have no definite cause, it may be the result of various other problems (see below). Hence, renal function and electrolytes are routinely determined, as well as thyroid-stimulating hormone (commonly suppressed in hyperthyroidism and of relevance if amiodarone is administered for treatment) and a blood count. A chest X-ray is generally performed. In acute-onset AF associated with chest pain, cardiac troponins or other markers of damage to the heart muscle may be ordered. Coagulation studies (INR/aPTT) are usually performed, as anticoagulant medication may be commenced. A transesophageal echocardiogram may be indicated to identify any intracardiac thrombus.
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Important notice:
The content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other
qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
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